"Cancer" shine "aljani" mafi girma a cikin maganin zamani.Mutane suna ƙara mai da hankali kan gwajin cutar kansa da rigakafin."Alamar Tumor," a matsayin kayan aikin bincike kai tsaye, sun zama wurin mai da hankali.Duk da haka, dogaro kawai da alamomin ciwace-ciwacen daji na iya haifar da rashin fahimta game da ainihin yanayin.
Menene Alamar Tumor?
A taƙaice, alamomin ƙari suna nufin sunadaran sunadarai, carbohydrates, enzymes, da hormones da aka samar a jikin ɗan adam.Ana iya amfani da alamomin ƙari azaman kayan aikin tantancewa don gano kansa da wuri.Duk da haka, ƙimar asibiti na sakamako mai ƙima mai ɗanɗano kaɗan yana da iyaka.A cikin aikin asibiti, yanayi daban-daban irin su cututtuka, kumburi, da ciki na iya haifar da karuwa a alamun ciwon daji.Bugu da ƙari, halaye marasa kyau kamar shan taba, shan barasa, da kuma tsayawa a makara kuma na iya haifar da alamun haɓakar ƙari.Sabili da haka, likitoci yawanci suna ba da kulawa sosai ga yanayin canje-canjen alamar ƙari a cikin wani lokaci maimakon ƙananan sauye-sauye a sakamakon gwaji guda ɗaya.Koyaya, idan takamaiman alamar ƙari, kamar CEA ko AFP (takamaiman alamun ƙari na huhu da kansar hanta), yana da girma sosai, ya kai dubu da yawa ko dubun dubatar, yana ba da garantin kulawa da ƙarin bincike.
Muhimmancin Alamar Tumor a Farkon Binciken Cutar Cancer
Alamar Tumor ba tabbatacciyar shaida ce don gano cutar kansa ba, amma har yanzu suna da mahimmanci a tantance cutar kansa a cikin takamaiman yanayi.Wasu alamomin ciwace-ciwacen ƙwayar cuta suna da ɗan damuwa, kamar AFP (alpha-fetoprotein) don ciwon hanta.A cikin aikin asibiti, ana iya amfani da ƙarancin haɓakar AFP na al'ada, tare da gwaje-gwajen hoto da tarihin cutar hanta, azaman shaida don gano ciwon hanta.Hakazalika, sauran alamun ciwace-ciwacen daji na iya nuna kasancewar ciwace-ciwace a cikin mutumin da ake gwadawa.
Koyaya, wannan baya nuna cewa duk gwajin cutar kansa yakamata ya haɗa da gwajin alamar ƙari.Muna ba da shawaraBinciken alamar ƙari da farko ga mutanen da ke cikin haɗari mai yawa:
- Mutanen da suka kai shekaru 40 zuwa sama tare da tarihin shan taba mai nauyi (lokacin shan taba yana ninka ta sigari da ake sha kowace rana> 400).
- Mutanen da suka kai shekaru 40 zuwa sama masu fama da shan barasa ko cututtukan hanta (kamar hepatitis A, B, C, ko cirrhosis).
- Mutane masu shekaru 40 zuwa sama da ciwon Helicobacter pylori a cikin ciki ko gastritis na yau da kullum.
- Mutane masu shekaru 40 zuwa sama masu tarihin iyali na ciwon daji (fiye da dangi na jini kai tsaye da aka gano suna da nau'in ciwon daji).
Matsayin Alamar Tumor a cikin Jiyya na Ciwon daji na Adjuvant
Yin amfani da sauye-sauye a cikin alamomin ƙari yana da mahimmanci ga likitoci don daidaita dabarun maganin ciwon daji a kan lokaci da kuma gudanar da tsarin jiyya gaba ɗaya.A zahiri, sakamakon gwajin alamar ƙari ya bambanta ga kowane majiyyaci.Wasu marasa lafiya na iya samun alamun ciwaci gaba ɗaya, yayin da wasu na iya samun matakan da suka kai dubun ko ma ɗaruruwan dubbai.Wannan yana nufin cewa ba mu da daidaitattun ma'auni don auna canje-canjen su.Sabili da haka, fahimtar bambance-bambancen alamar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta.
Amintaccen tsarin tantancewa dole ne ya mallaki halaye guda biyu:"takamaiman"kuma"hankali":
Musamman:Wannan yana nufin ko canje-canjen alamomin ƙari sun yi daidai da yanayin majiyyaci.
Misali, idan muka gano cewa AFP (alpha-fetoprotein, takamaiman alamar cutar kansar hanta) na mai haƙuri da ciwon hanta yana sama da kewayon al'ada, alamar ƙwayar su tana nuna “ƙayyadaddun.”Sabanin haka, idan AFP na mai cutar kansar huhu ya wuce adadin al'ada, ko kuma idan mutum mai lafiya yana da babban AFP, girman su na AFP baya nuna takamaiman.
Hankali:Wannan yana nuna ko alamun ciwace-ciwacen majiyyaci sun canza tare da ci gaban ƙwayar cuta.
Misali, yayin saka idanu mai tsauri, idan muka lura cewa CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen, takamaiman alamar cutar sankara ta huhu) na mai cutar kansar huhu yana ƙaruwa ko raguwa tare da canje-canje a cikin girman ƙari, kuma yana bin yanayin jiyya, za mu iya tun da farko sanin hankali na alamar ƙwayar cutar su.
Da zarar an kafa alamun ciwace-ciwacen ƙwayar cuta (tare da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun abubuwa da hankali), marasa lafiya da likitoci za su iya yin cikakken kima game da yanayin mai haƙuri dangane da takamaiman canje-canje a cikin alamomin ƙari.Wannan hanya tana da ƙima ga likitoci don haɓaka shirye-shiryen jiyya daidai da daidaita hanyoyin kwantar da hankali.
Har ila yau, marasa lafiya na iya amfani da sauye-sauye masu sauye-sauye a cikin alamun ciwon daji don tantance juriya na wasu kwayoyi da kuma guje wa ci gaban cututtuka saboda juriya na miyagun ƙwayoyi.Duk da haka,yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa yin amfani da alamomin ƙari don tantance yanayin majiyyaci karin hanya ce kawai ga likitoci a yaƙin da suke yi da cutar kansa kuma bai kamata a ɗauke su a matsayin madadin ma'aunin zinare na kulawa da bin diddigin binciken likita ba (ciki har da CT scans). , MRI, PET-CT, da dai sauransu).
Alamar Tumor gama gari: Menene Su?
AFP (Alpha-fetoprotein):
Alpha-fetoprotein glycoprotein ne wanda aka saba samar da shi ta hanyar sel mai tushe na amfrayo.Matakan da aka ɗaukaka na iya nuna rashin lafiya kamar ciwon hanta.
CEA (Carcinoembryonic Antigen):
Matsakaicin matakan antigen carcinoembryonic na iya nuna cututtukan daji daban-daban, gami da kansar launin fata, kansar pancreatic, kansar ciki, da kansar nono.
CA 199 (Carbohydrate Antigen 199):
An fi ganin yawan matakan carbohydrate antigen 199 a cikin ciwon daji na pancreatic da sauran cututtuka irin su ciwon gallbladder, ciwon hanta, da ciwon hanji.
CA 125 (Cancer Antigen 125):
Ciwon daji antigen 125 ana amfani da shi da farko azaman kayan bincike na taimako don ciwon daji na ovarian kuma ana iya samunsa a cikin kansar nono, kansar pancreatic, da kansar ciki.
TA 153 (Tumor Antigen 153):
An fi ganin girman matakan antigen 153 a cikin ciwon nono kuma ana iya samun su a cikin ciwon daji na ovarian, ciwon daji na pancreatic, da ciwon hanta.
CA 50 (Cancer Antigen 50):
Ciwon daji antigen 50 alama ce ta ƙayyadaddun ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta da aka yi amfani da ita azaman kayan aikin bincike don ciwon daji na pancreatic, kansar launin fata, kansar ciki, da sauran cututtuka.
CA 242 (Carbohydrate Antigen 242):
Kyakkyawan sakamako ga carbohydrate antigen 242 gabaɗaya yana da alaƙa da ciwace-ciwacen ƙwayoyin cuta.
β2-Microglobulin:
β2-microglobulin ana amfani dashi galibi don saka idanu akan aikin tubular renal kuma yana iya ƙaruwa a cikin marasa lafiya da gazawar koda, kumburi, ko ciwace-ciwace.
Serum Ferritin:
Ana iya ganin raguwar matakan serum ferritin a cikin yanayi kamar anemia, yayin da ana iya ganin ƙarin matakan a cikin cututtuka kamar cutar sankarar bargo, cutar hanta, da ciwace-ciwacen daji.
NSE (Neuron-Specific Enolase):
Neuron-takamaiman enolase furotin ne wanda aka fi samu a cikin jijiyoyi da ƙwayoyin neuroendocrine.Alamar ƙwayar cuta ce mai mahimmanci ga ƙananan ƙwayar cutar huhu.
hCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin):
Human chorionic gonadotropin wani hormone ne da ke hade da ciki.Matakan da aka ɗaukaka na iya nuna ciki, da kuma cututtuka kamar kansar mahaifa, ciwon daji na ovarian, da ciwace-ciwacen jini.
Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF):
Tumor necrosis factor yana da hannu wajen kashe ƙwayoyin tumor, tsarin rigakafi, da halayen kumburi.Ƙara yawan matakan ƙila yana da alaƙa da cututtuka ko cututtuka na autoimmune kuma yana iya nuna yiwuwar haɗarin ƙari.
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-01-2023